了解更多雅思:动物话题相关词汇目录
短篇科普小品:第一篇
本文为原创纪实科普文稿
沿用《国家地理》严谨写实文风,内容独立撰写、无抄袭。
英文原文
Pangolins, also known as scaly anteaters,
are shy, nocturnal creatures that hold the grim title
of the world’s most heavily trafficked wild mammal.
When threatened by predators or human intruders,
they curl their flexible bodies into a tight, armored ball,
and their tough keratin scales shield the soft tissue underneath.
This simple defensive trick, however, turns into a fatal weakness,
because it makes them easy for poachers to pick up and carry away.
Driven by persistent demand for their meat and hard scales,
illegal hunters have wiped out massive pangolin populations
across large areas of Asia over the past decades.
As native Asian pangolin populations grow increasingly scarce,
cross-border traffickers have steadily shifted their focus
to the four pangolin species living on the African continent.
Though the global commercial trade of all pangolin species
was officially banned by international treaty in 2016,
illegal smuggling still continues widely in many poorly enforced regions.
Modern biological science clearly confirms
pangolin scales have no proven special healing power;
they are made purely of keratin,
the same tough protein material found in human fingernails.
Local and international conservation groups keep working tirelessly
to strengthen anti-smuggling measures, stop wildlife trafficking,
and save these gentle, harmless creatures from permanent extinction.
译文
穿山甲,也被称作鳞甲食蚁兽,
是生性羞怯的夜行动物,有着一个沉重的头衔:
全球遭到非法贩卖最严重的野生哺乳动物。
当受到掠食动物或是人类闯入者的威胁时,
它们会把柔软的身体蜷缩成紧实的装甲球状,
坚硬的角蛋白鳞片保护着下方脆弱的软组织。
但这套简单的防御本领,却变成致命弱点,
因为偷猎者可以轻易将蜷缩的穿山甲捡起带走。
受市场对穿山甲肉与硬质鳞片持续不断的需求驱使,
过去数十年间,非法猎人已经让亚洲大片区域内
的穿山甲种群数量大幅锐减。
随着亚洲本土穿山甲种群愈发稀少,
跨境走私贩子逐步将捕猎目标,
转移到生活在非洲大陆的四种穿山甲。
尽管所有穿山甲物种的全球商业贸易,
已于2016年通过国际公约正式禁止,
在许多执法力度薄弱的地区,非法走私依旧广泛存在。
现代生物科学明确证实,
穿山甲鳞片不存在已被验证的特殊药用功效;
鳞片完全由角蛋白构成,
也就是人类指甲中含有的那种坚硬蛋白质。
地方与国际保育组织一直在不懈努力,
强化反走私管控,打击野生动物非法交易,
守护这些温顺无害的生灵,避免它们彻底灭绝。
一、核心生词
1. pangolin
/ˈpæŋɡəlɪn/
穿山甲
名词(n.)
2. scaly
/ˈskeɪli/
覆有鳞片的
形容词(adj.)
3. nocturnal
/nɒkˈtɜːnl/
夜间活动的
形容词(adj.)
4. grim
/ɡrɪm/
令人沉重的;严酷的
形容词(adj.)
5. traffic
/ˈtræfɪk/
非法贩卖;走私
动词(v.)
6. predator
/ˈpredətə(r)/
捕食动物;掠食者
名词(n.)
7. poacher
/ˈpəʊtʃə(r)/
偷猎者
名词(n.)
8. keratin
/ˈkerətɪn/
角蛋白
名词(n.)
9. scarce
/skeəs/
稀缺的,匮乏的
形容词(adj.)
10. smuggle
/ˈsmʌɡl/
走私;偷运
动词(v.)
11. conservation
/ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃn/
(野生动植物)保护;保育
名词(n.)
12. extinction
/ɪkˈstɪŋkʃn/
灭绝;绝种
名词(n.)
13. treaty
/ˈtriːti/
国际公约,条约
名词(n.)
二、重点短语
1. curl into a tight, armored ball
蜷缩成紧实的装甲球状
2. shield … from …
保护……免受……伤害
3. wipe out
大量消灭;使锐减
4. shift one’s focus to
将注意力转向
5. commercial trade
商业贸易
6. wildlife trafficking
野生动物非法交易
7. anti-smuggling measures
反走私措施
三、长难句拆解
句子:
Though the global commercial trade of
all pangolin species was officially banned by international treaty in 2016,
illegal smuggling still continues widely in many poorly enforced regions.
主干:
illegal smuggling still continues widely
主干译文:
非法走私活动依旧在多地广泛存在
让步状语从句:
Though the global commercial trade of
all pangolin species was officially banned by international treaty in 2016
从句译文:
尽管所有穿山甲物种的全球商业贸易已于2016年通过国际公约正式禁止
地点状语:
in many poorly enforced regions
状语译文:
在许多执法力度薄弱的地区
解析:本句为though引导让步状语从句,从句交代禁令背景,
主句转折,点明法规落地难的现实,是外刊非常典型的转折说理句式。
句子:
Modern biological science clearly
confirms pangolin scales have no proven special healing power;
they are made purely of keratin,
the same tough protein material found in human fingernails.
主干1:
Modern biological science clearly confirms
主干1译文:
现代生物科学明确证实
宾语从句:
pangolin scales have no proven special healing power
从句译文:
穿山甲鳞片不存在已被验证的特殊药用功效
主干2:
they are made purely of keratin
主干2译文:
鳞片完全由角蛋白构成
同位语:
the same tough protein material found in human fingernails
同位语译文:
人类指甲中含有的那种坚硬蛋白质
解析:分号衔接两个独立分句;同位语部分用来解释角蛋白,
用大众熟悉的指甲做类比,降低科普理解门槛,
属于纪实科普高频写作手法。
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