了解更多考研英语:历史文化艺术类词汇目录

短篇科普小品:第八篇

本文为原创纪实科普文稿

沿用《国家地理》严谨写实文风,内容独立撰写、无抄袭。

英文原文

The Jordan River is one of the most historically significant waterways

in the Middle East, carrying rich cultural and religious meaning

for people living across the surrounding regions.

This river once flowed steadily from the freshwater lakes

and mountain springs in the north,

winding through valleys and arid plains toward the Dead Sea.

Decades ago, its waters sustained abundant plant life,

supported flocks of migrating birds,

and supplied reliable fresh water for local farming communities.

However, growing human demand has greatly changed the river system.

Multiple dams, pumping stations and water diversion projects

have been built along the upper reaches of the Jordan River.

Large volumes of river water are redirected for farm irrigation,

city water supply and industrial use before it flows downstream.

By the time the remaining water reaches the lower river section,

the flow becomes weak and polluted by untreated waste.

The steady drop in water inflow to the Dead Sea

causes its water level to fall year after year,

breaking the balanced wetland ecosystem that existed for centuries.

Environmental researchers warn that without effective protection,

the Jordan River will keep shrinking,

and many native aquatic species may gradually disappear forever.

Cross-border cooperation is the key to saving this ancient river.

Neighboring countries need to negotiate reasonable water allocation plans,

reduce unnecessary water waste and limit harmful sewage discharge.

Restoring part of the natural water flow

will help revive riverbank plants, bring back migratory wildlife,

and preserve this precious natural and cultural heritage

for generations to come.

译文

约旦河是中东地区极具历史意义的水道之一,

对于周边区域生活的人们而言,

承载着厚重的文化与宗教内涵。

这条河流曾经从北部淡水湖与山间泉眼出发,水流常年稳定,

穿过山谷与干旱平原,最终注入死海。

数十年前,河水滋养着繁茂的植被,

供养成群迁徙的候鸟,

为当地农耕聚落提供稳定可靠的淡水资源。

然而日益增长的人类用水需求,极大改变了这套河流生态。

约旦河上游沿线修建了大量水坝、抽水站以及引水工程。

大量河水在流向下游之前,

就被调配用于农田灌溉、城市供水与工业生产。

当剩余为数不多的水流抵达下游河段时,

水量已经十分微弱,还受到未经处理废弃物的污染。

注入死海的水量持续减少,

造成死海水位逐年下降,

延续数百年的湿地生态平衡就此遭到破坏。

环境研究人员警示,如果缺少有效的保护措施,

约旦河将会持续萎缩,

很多本土水生物种可能就此永久消失。

跨国协作是拯救这条古老河流的关键。

沿岸邻国需要协商合理的水资源分配方案,

减少不必要的水资源浪费,严控有害污水排放。

恢复一部分天然径流,

能够助力河岸植被复苏,召回迁徙野生生物,

为后代留存这份珍贵的自然与文化遗产。

一、核心生词

1. waterway

/ˈwɔːtəweɪ/

水道;河流

名词(n.)

2. arid

/ˈærɪd/

干旱的

形容词(adj.)

3. migrate

/ˈmaɪɡreɪt/

迁徙;迁移

动词(v.)

4. diversion

/daɪˈvɜːʃn/

分流;引水

名词(n.)

5. irrigation

/ˌɪrɪˈɡeɪʃn/

灌溉

名词(n.)

6. aquatic

/əˈkwætɪk/

水生的

形容词(adj.)

7. negotiate

/nɪˈɡəʊʃieɪt/

协商;谈判

动词(v.)

8. allocation

/ˌæləˈkeɪʃn/

分配

名词(n.)

9. sewage

/ˈsuːɪdʒ/

污水;废水

名词(n.)

10. discharge

/dɪsˈtʃɑːdʒ/

排放

名词(n.)

11. revive

/rɪˈvaɪv/

复苏;恢复生机

动词(v.)

12. heritage

/ˈherɪtɪdʒ/

遗产

名词(n.)

二、重点短语

1. historically significant waterways

具有重大历史意义的水道

2. mountain springs

山间泉眼

3. arid plains

干旱平原

4. migrating birds

候鸟

5. water diversion projects

引水工程

6. farm irrigation

农田灌溉

7. untreated waste

未经处理的废弃物

8. water allocation plans

水资源分配方案

9. sewage discharge

污水排放

10. cultural heritage

文化遗产

三、长难句拆解

句子:Multiple dams, pumping stations

and water diversion projects have been built

along the upper reaches of the Jordan River.

主干:

Multiple dams,

pumping stations and water diversion projects have been built

主干译文:

大量水坝、抽水站以及引水工程被修建

地点状语:

along the upper reaches of the Jordan River

状语译文:

在约旦河上游沿线

解析:

本句使用被动语态陈述客观事实,

清晰说明人类工程建设的位置与类型;

科普文本常用被动句式,弱化人为主语,

客观呈现环境变化背景。

句子:

Restoring part of the natural water flow will help revive riverbank plants,

bring back migratory wildlife,

and preserve this precious natural

and cultural heritage for generations to come.

主干:

Restoring part of the natural water flow will help revive plants,

bring back wildlife, and preserve heritage

主干译文:

恢复一部分天然径流,能够助力植被复苏、唤回野生生物,并且留存遗产

并列宾语1:

revive riverbank plants

宾语译文:

让河岸植被复苏

并列宾语2:

bring back migratory wildlife

宾语译文:

召回迁徙野生生物

并列宾语3:

preserve this precious natural and cultural heritage for generations to come

宾语译文:

为后代留存这份珍贵的自然与文化遗产

解析:

动名词短语作句子主语,后面接三组并列不定式结构,

依次列出河流生态修复带来的多重效益,

句式工整,层层递进,条理清晰,是纪实科普经典写法。

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