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短篇科普小品：第七篇
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英文原文
Most people imagine honeybees and wild pollinators
only live in meadows, forests and wide rural farmland.
Yet biologists have discovered many bee species
can thrive amid the concrete and noise of modern cities.
Urban yards, window flower boxes, community gardens
and native plant roadside strips create scattered habitat
for dozens of wild bee species.
These small pollinators visit blossoms to collect nectar and pollen,
and carry tiny grains between flowers as they move.
This quiet work supports fruit trees, vegetable crops
and countless native flowering shrubs inside city boundaries.
Many city dwellers rarely notice bees moving through green spaces.
They still hold the worry that any bee nearby
will sting people and cause painful allergic reactions.
But most native wild bee species are gentle and solitary.
They do not defend a large shared hive like honeybees,
and they only sting when roughly handled or trapped against skin.
Urban ecologists set up multi-year monitoring projects
in several mid-sized cities to count bee populations.
They place colored pan traps and net insects gently
during warm spring and summer days.
The research brought a surprising observation:
some urban sites host richer bee diversity
than nearby heavily farmed countryside areas.
Intensive agriculture uses large amounts of pesticides
and removes wild flowering plants to expand crop fields.
Farmland often offers only brief bloom periods,
while cities with mixed plantings supply flowers
from early spring deep into autumn.
City bees still face serious threats within the built environment.
Paved surfaces leave few spots for ground-nesting bees
to dig underground tunnels and raise their young.
Non-native ornamental flowers sold in garden centers
produce little nectar and cannot feed local bees well.
Pesticides sprayed on lawns and street trees
weaken bee navigation, reduce breeding success
and sometimes kill pollinators outright.
A growing group of urban gardeners and city planners
are changing how public green spaces are designed.
They replace high-maintenance grass lawns
with clusters of native wildflowers.
They leave patches of bare, undisturbed soil
for ground-nesting bees to build their nests.
They also cut back or stop chemical pesticide use
in parks and roadside plant zones.
One urban gardener shared her multi-year experience.
At first, her front yard held only neatly trimmed grass.
After she planted local native blooms,
she slowly saw mining bees, bumblebees and small mason bees
appear one season after another.
These visitors helped pollinate her berry bushes,
and she harvested far more berries each summer.
Scientists do not claim cities can fully replace wild lands
as a refuge for all pollinator species.
Heavy traffic, pollution and heat islands still limit bee survival.
Even so, cities represent an untapped conservation frontier.
Small connected flower patches across neighborhoods
form a pollinator highway through the urban landscape.
Every native bloom planted in a city yard
is a small step to support declining bee populations.
Protecting urban bees is not just about saving insects.
It safeguards the invisible pollination service
that keeps urban fruits and native wild plants reproducing.
译文
大多数人以为蜜蜂与野生传粉昆虫
只栖息在草地、森林与广袤农田之中。
但生物学家发现，很多蜂类物种
可以在钢筋林立、喧嚣嘈杂的现代城市里繁衍生息。
城市庭院、窗台花箱、社区菜园
以及路边本土植被带，打造出碎片化栖息地，
供养数十种野生蜂类。
这些小型传粉昆虫造访花朵，采集花蜜与花粉，
在飞行途中，将细微花粉粒在花朵间传递。
这份安静劳作，滋养果树、蔬菜，
以及城市范围内无数本土开花灌木。
很多城市居民很少留意在绿地穿梭的蜂群。
他们依旧心存顾虑，觉得身边只要出现蜜蜂，
就会蜇伤人，引发剧烈过敏反应。
但绝大多数本土野生蜂性情温顺，独自生活。
它们不像蜜蜂那样守护巨大的公共蜂巢，
只有在被粗暴抓握、挤压在皮肤上时才会蜇人。
城市生态学者在多座中型城市，
开展为期数年的监测项目，统计蜂类种群数量。
在温暖春夏时节，他们放置彩色诱捕盘，
用网轻柔采集昆虫样本。
研究得出一项出人意料的结论：
部分城市点位的蜂类物种丰富度，
甚至高于周边集约化耕作的乡村区域。
集约化农业大量施用杀虫剂，
清除野生开花植物，拓展耕地。
农田的花期往往十分短暂，
而搭配多样植物的城市，可以持续供给花卉，
从早春一直延续到深秋。
但城市蜂类在建成环境中依旧面临严峻威胁。
硬化路面几乎没有空余土地，
供地栖蜂挖掘地下通道、抚育后代。
园艺店售卖的外来观赏花卉，
花蜜产量极低，难以供养本地蜂类。
草坪与行道树上喷洒的农药，
会扰乱蜜蜂的定向能力，降低繁育成功率，
严重时直接造成传粉昆虫死亡。
越来越多城市园丁与规划者，
正在调整公共绿地的设计思路。
他们把养护成本高昂的大片草坪，
替换成本地野生花簇。
预留部分未经扰动的裸露土地，
供地栖蜂筑巢。
同时在公园与道路绿化带，
减少甚至停用化学杀虫剂。
一位城市园丁分享了她多年的实践经历。
起初，她家前院只有修剪整齐的草坪。
栽种本土花卉之后，
她逐年观察到矿蜂、熊蜂、壁蜂陆续前来。
这些访客帮她的浆果灌木完成授粉，
每年夏季浆果收成明显增多。
科学家并不认为城市可以完全替代野外，
成为所有传粉物种的庇护地。
密集车流、污染、城市热岛效应依旧限制蜂类存活。
即便如此，城市是一块尚未充分开发的保护前沿。
遍布社区、彼此连通的小片花海，
在城市景观中构筑起一条传粉昆虫廊道。
在城市庭院种下每一株本土花卉，
都是助力衰退蜂群的微小行动。
保护城市蜜蜂，并不只是拯救昆虫本身。
它守护着这项看不见的授粉服务，
维系城市果树与本土野生植物的繁衍。
一、核心生词
1. pollinator
/ˈpɒlɪneɪtə(r)/
传粉昆虫
名词（n.）
2. nectar
/ˈnektə(r)/
花蜜
名词（n.）
3. pollen
/ˈpɒlən/
花粉
名词（n.）
4. solitary
/ˈsɒlətri/
独居的
形容词（adj.）
5. hive
/haɪv/
蜂巢
名词（n.）
6. pesticide
/ˈpestɪsaɪd/
杀虫剂
名词（n.）
7. ornamental
/ˌɔːnəˈmentl/
观赏的
形容词（adj.）
8. mason bee
/ˈmeɪsn biː/
壁蜂
名词（n.）
9. frontier
/ˈfrʌntɪə(r)/
前沿
名词（n.）
10. habitat
/ˈhæbɪtæt/
栖息地
名词（n.）
二、重点短语
1. wild pollinator
野生传粉昆虫
2. native plant
本土植物
3. allergic reaction
过敏反应
4. ground-nesting bees
地栖蜂
5. flowering shrubs
开花灌木
6. urban ecologist
城市生态学者
7. native wildflowers
本土野花
8. pollinator highway
传粉昆虫廊道
三、长难句拆解
句子
Most people imagine honeybees and wild pollinators
only live in meadows, forests and wide rural farmland.
主干：
Most people imagine
宾语从句：
honeybees and wild pollinators only live in meadows,
forests and wide rural farmland
主干译文：
大多数人以为。
从句译文：
蜜蜂与野生传粉昆虫只栖息在草地、森林与广袤农田之中。
整句译文：
大多数人以为蜜蜂与野生传粉昆虫只栖息在草地、森林与广袤农田之中。
句子结构：主句 + 省略that的宾语从句
句子
These small pollinators visit blossoms to collect nectar and pollen,
and carry tiny grains between flowers as they move.
主干：
These small pollinators visit blossoms to collect nectar
and pollen, and carry tiny grains
状语：
between flowers as they move
译文：
这些小型传粉昆虫造访花朵，采集花蜜与花粉，
在飞行途中，将细微花粉粒在花朵间传递。
句子结构：
主句，并列谓语；as引导时间状语从句
句子
They place colored pan traps and net insects gently
during warm spring and summer days.
主干：
They place colored pan traps and net insects gently
时间状语：
during warm spring and summer days
译文：
在温暖春夏时节，他们放置彩色诱捕盘，用网轻柔采集昆虫样本。
句子结构：简单主句，并列谓语
句子
Small connected flower patches across neighborhoods
form a pollinator highway through the urban landscape.
主干：
Small connected flower patches
across neighborhoods form a pollinator highway
后置定语：
through the urban landscape
译文：
遍布社区、彼此连通的小片花海，
在城市景观中构筑起一条传粉昆虫廊道。
句子结构：简单主句
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