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The Art of Living《生活的艺术》
作者:W. Somerset Maugham 毛姆
选自毛姆《The Summing Up》,1938年
英文原文
The art of living is to know
when to hold fast and when to let go.
For life is a paradox:
it enjoins us to cling to its many gifts
even while it ordains their eventual relinquishment.
The ancients put it well:
“Man is born crying, lives complaining,
and dies disappointed.”
We cling to our past
as though it would last forever.
We take for granted the passions
that shape our lives,
the affections that warm our hearts,
the opportunities that light up our path.
We refuse to accept the inevitable fading of youth,
the quiet passing away of loved ones,
the gradual loss of health and vitality.
But life moves forward relentlessly,
and nothing mortal can stay unchanged for all time.
There are times when loss
is the gateway to liberation.
When misfortune strips away the trivial things
we once cherished,
we may discover a deeper peace,
a clearer vision of what truly matters
in our existence.
It is not about rejecting joy,
nor is it about embracing suffering willingly.
It lies in balancing desire and detachment,
enjoying the gifts life offers
without becoming enslaved by them.
Many people confuse the art of living
with endless pursuit of pleasure.
They chase wealth, fame and admiration,
believing these outer gains
can fill the emptiness deep within their souls.
Yet material possessions and worldly praise are fleeting.
They can never sustain lasting inner satisfaction.
The true mastery of living comes from within.
It teaches us to appreciate small blessings,
to face loss with grace,
and to meet uncertainty with calm composure.
To hold fast is to value
what we possess in the present moment.
To let go is to yield gracefully
when the hour arrives.
These two sides form the quiet wisdom
that guides us through every season of life.
Without the courage to hold fast,
we miss out on love, wonder and beauty.
Without the wisdom to let go,
we become trapped in grief, regret and endless longing.
Life will constantly test this balance.
We will encounter gains and losses,
glory and obscurity,
joy and sorrow.
Those who have mastered the art of living
can walk steadily through all these shifts,
cherishing what they have
while accepting transience
as an essential part of human life.
译文
生活的艺术,在于懂得
何时紧握,何时放手。
因为人生本身便是一组悖论:
它敦促我们珍惜所拥有的诸多馈赠,
却又注定一切终将离我们远去。
古人说得贴切:
“人啼哭着降生,抱怨着度日,
带着遗憾离世。”
我们执着于过往,
仿佛美好会永恒留存。
我们视作理所当然的,是塑造人生的热忱、
温暖心灵的情意、
照亮前路的机遇。
我们不愿接受青春必然消逝、
挚爱之人悄然离去、
健康与活力慢慢衰减。
可时光奔流不息,
世间凡物,没有什么可以永久不变。
有些时候,失去
恰恰是通往释然的入口。
当厄运剥离我们曾经珍视的琐碎外物,
我们反而会寻得更深层的安宁,
看清生命里何为真正重要之物。
这并非拒绝欢愉,
也不是主动拥抱苦难。
而是在渴求与淡然之间寻得平衡,
享受生活馈赠,
却不被外物所奴役。
很多人误将生活的艺术
等同于无休止追逐享乐。
他们追逐财富、名望与他人的仰慕,
以为这些外在所得
可以填补灵魂深处的空洞。
然而物质财富与世俗赞誉转瞬即逝,
永远无法带来长久的内心满足。
真正通晓生活之道源自内心。
它教会我们珍视微小的幸福,
优雅面对失去,
从容应对世事无常。
紧握,是珍惜当下所拥有。
放手,是时机到来之时体面释怀。
二者合一,便是指引我们
走过人生四季的沉静智慧。
若无紧握的勇气,
我们会错过爱、惊喜与世间美好。
若无放手的智慧,
我们将困于悲伤、悔恨与无尽执念。
人生会不断考验这份平衡。
我们会经历得失、
沉浮、悲喜。
掌握生活艺术的人,
能够在世事变迁中步履从容,
珍惜当下拥有,
同时接纳无常
本就是人生的底色。
🔍长难句赏析与拆解
原句:For life is a paradox:
it enjoins us to cling to its many gifts
even while it ordains their eventual relinquishment.
句式解读:
冒号引出对paradox的解释说明;
even while引导让步状语从句,形成强烈对比。
主句与从句语义对立,精准诠释人生的矛盾内核,
是本篇核心总起句。
句子主干:
life is a paradox.
文学赏析:
以简洁有力的判断句开篇,
用并列的动作呈现人生的双重特质,
奠定全文思辨沉静的文风。
写作迁移点拨:
适合人生哲理、取舍、辩证思考类主题。
仿写:Time is a mystery:
it grants us precious moments
even while it arranges their inevitable disappearance.
原句:Without the courage to hold fast,
we miss out on love, wonder and beauty.
Without the wisdom to let go,
we become trapped in grief, regret and endless longing.
句式解读:
两个without介词短语置于句首作条件状语,
构成工整平行对仗句式。
两句结构完全对称,正反对照,凝练有力。
句子主干:
we miss out on love, wonder and beauty;
we become trapped in grief, regret and endless longing.
文学赏析:
对称短句两两呼应,一正一反,
凝练概括全文核心观点,富有节奏美感,
读来朗朗上口。
写作迁移点拨:
适合议论文正反对比论证,快速增强文采。
仿写:Without the passion to explore,
we miss out on hope, discovery and light.
Without the sense of moderation,
we become trapped in desire, anxiety and endless pursuit.
📝全篇句式特点
本篇为哲理散文,句式长短错落。
大量使用冒号、分号来划分逻辑层次,
多平行对称结构,形成工整的文学美感。
全文没有激烈的情绪宣泄,
以冷静、内敛的思辨娓娓道来。
反复围绕hold fast与let go这一组核心对立概念展开,
一收一放贯穿全文,层层递进。
句子多用名词短语并列罗列意象,
语言克制雅致,兼具哲思感与文学美感,
适合用来写关于取舍、心态、人生智慧类主题的升华段落。
核心词汇
1. paradox
/ˈpærədɒks/
悖论,自相矛盾的事物
名词 (n.)
2. enjoin
/ɪnˈdʒɔɪn/
告诫,敦促
动词 (v.)
3. cling
/klɪŋ/
紧紧抓住,依恋
动词 (v.)
4. ordain
/ɔːˈdeɪn/
注定,规定
动词 (v.)
5. relinquishment
/rɪˈlɪŋkwɪʃmənt/
放弃,舍弃
名词 (n.)
6. inevitable
/ɪnˈevɪtəbl/
不可避免的
形容词 (adj.)
7. vitality
/vaɪˈtæləti/
活力,生命力
名词 (n.)
8. relentlessly
/rɪˈlentləsli/
无休止地,不间断地
副词 (adv.)
9. liberation
/ˌlɪbəˈreɪʃn/
解放,释然
名词 (n.)
10. trivial
/ˈtrɪviəl/
琐碎的,微不足道的
形容词 (adj.)
11. cherish
/ˈtʃerɪʃ/
珍爱,珍视
动词 (v.)
12. detachment
/dɪˈtætʃmənt/
淡然,超脱
名词 (n.)
13. enslave
/ɪnˈsleɪv/
奴役,束缚
动词 (v.)
14. fleeting
/ˈfliːtɪŋ/
转瞬即逝的
形容词 (adj.)
15. composure
/kəmˈpəʊʒə(r)/
沉着,镇定
名词 (n.)
16. transience
/ˈtrænziəns/
短暂,无常
名词 (n.)
17. obscure
/əbˈskjʊə(r)/
默默无闻
形容词 (adj.)
18. grace
/ɡreɪs/
优雅,体面
名词 (n.)
💡主旨品读
毛姆这篇散文探讨生活的底层智慧,
核心不在于单纯的争取或一味放下,
而是平衡。
很多人理解的生活艺术是不断索取、追逐快乐,
而本文提出独到视角:
人生的智慧,是在珍惜当下和接纳失去之间找到平衡点。
人既要保有热爱与坚守,又不能被执念捆绑,
学会与无常共处。
文本思辨色彩浓厚,适用于考研、雅思、读后续写中
关于取舍、得失、心态、接纳人生缺憾的主题,
对仗句与哲理长句可直接摘取作为段落升华句。
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