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世界经典文学精选. 40
The Happy Prince《快乐王子》
作者：Oscar Wilde 奥斯卡·王尔德
选自奥斯卡·王尔德《The Happy Prince》
《快乐王子》——1888年发表
英文原文
High above the city, on a tall column, stood the statue of the Happy Prince.
He was gilded all over with thin leaves of fine gold,
for eyes he had two bright sapphires,
and a large red ruby glowed on his sword-hilt.
He was very much admired indeed.
“He is as beautiful as a weathercock,”
remarked one of the Town Councillors
who wished to gain a reputation for having artistic tastes;
“only not quite so useful,” he added,
fearing lest people should think him unpractical,
which he really was not.
“Why can’t you be like the Happy Prince?”
asked a sensible mother of her little boy
who was crying for the moon.
“The Happy Prince never dreams of crying for anything.”
“I am glad there is some one in the world who is quite happy,”
muttered a disappointed man as he gazed at the wonderful statue.
“He looks just like an angel,”
said the Charity Children as they came out of the cathedral
in their bright scarlet cloaks and their clean white pinafores.
“That is because they have seen the pictures of angels,”
answered the Mathematical Master;
“angels are not like that in reality.”
One night there flew over the city a little Swallow.
His friends had gone away to Egypt six weeks before,
but he had stayed behind,
for he was in love with the most beautiful Reed.
He had met her early in the spring
as he was flying down the river after a big yellow moth,
and had been so attracted by her
slender waist that he had stopped to talk to her.
“Shall I love you?” said the Swallow,
who liked to come to the point at once,
and the Reed made him a low bow.
So he flew round and round her,
touching the water with his wings,
and making silver ripples.
This was his courtship, and it lasted all through the summer.
“It is a ridiculous attachment,” twittered the other Swallows;
“she has no money, and far too many relations”;
and indeed the river was quite full of Reeds.
译文
高高的城市上空，一根高大石柱之上，
矗立着快乐王子的雕像。
他全身贴满纯金薄片，
双眼是两颗澄澈的蓝宝石，
剑柄上镶嵌着一枚硕大的红宝石，熠熠生辉。
这座雕像收获无数人的赞叹。
“他和风标一样华美。”一位市议员如此评价，
他想树立自身具备艺术品味的名声。
“只是实用性略有不足。”
他补充道，生怕旁人觉得他不切实际。
而他本身，其实是个务实之人。
“你怎么就不能学学快乐王子？”
一位明理的母亲对着哭闹着想要月亮的幼子说道。
“快乐王子从来不会哭着索要任何东西。”
“世间竟还有这般全然快乐的人。”
一个失意之人凝视着这座精美的雕像，低声感慨。
“他看起来就如同天使一般。”
慈善学校的孩子们走出教堂，身着鲜红斗篷，
围着洁净白围裙，轻声说道。
“那是因为他们只见过天使画像。”数学老师答道。
现实之中的天使，并非这般模样。
某个夜晚，一只小燕子飞过这座城市。
六周之前，他的同伴们已经动身飞往埃及。
唯独他留在此地，只因他爱上那根最美的芦苇。
早春时节，他沿河追逐一只大黄蛾时遇见了芦苇。
芦苇纤细的身姿深深吸引了他，
于是他停下，主动上前搭话。
“我可以爱你吗？”
小燕子向来喜欢直抒胸臆，开口问道。
芦苇轻轻朝他欠身行礼。
于是他绕着芦苇一圈圈盘旋，翅膀轻拂水面，
漾开一圈圈银色涟漪。
这便是他的求爱，整个夏日，从未间断。
“这份爱恋实在荒唐。”
其他燕子叽叽喳喳地议论。
“她身无分文，亲戚却数不胜数。”
整条河面，确实长满了芦苇。
🔍长难句赏析与拆解
原句：
High above the city, on a tall column, stood the statue of the Happy Prince.
He was gilded all over with thin leaves of fine gold,
for eyes he had two bright sapphires,
and a large red ruby glowed on his sword-hilt.
句式解读：
首句为地点状语前置引发的全部倒装句，
正常语序为the statue stood high above the city。
把地点放句首，一下子把雕像宏伟的空间画面拉到读者眼前。
后面三个分句并列，依次描写雕像的黄金外皮、
蓝宝石双眼、剑柄红宝石，层次分明。
句子主干：
The statue of Happy Prince stood on a tall pillar over the city.
Thin gold sheets covered the whole statue.
Its eyes were two shiny sapphires.
A big red ruby shone on the handle of his sword.
文学赏析：
开篇这句奠定全文的场景基调。
作者运用倒装句式开篇，
一下子把快乐王子雕像的形象立在城市上空。
由整体到局部，依次刻画金箔、宝石，文字画面感极强。
华丽的外表描写，和后文雕像目睹人间苦难形成强烈反差。
写作迁移点拨：
适用于景物开篇、雕像/建筑描写、前后对比类记叙文段落。
仿写：
Far above the village, on a steep cliff, stood the ancient pavilion.
It was covered all over with dark green vines,
for windows it had two old stained-glass panes,
and a small bronze bell hung on its roof.
仿写运用思路：
完整复刻地点前置倒装句，并列分句由整体到局部描写景物，
画面感强，适合景物描写段落。
原句：
“Why can’t you be like the Happy Prince?”
asked a sensible mother of her little boy who was crying for the moon.
“The Happy Prince never dreams of crying for anything.”
句式解读：
本句是直接引语倒装结构，主句谓语asked提前。
who引导定语从句，修饰先行词little boy，交代小男孩的状态。
对话简短质朴，借普通人的口吻侧面烘托快乐王子完美美好的形象。
句子主干：
A wise mother asked her crying little boy
why he could not learn from the Happy Prince.
The Happy Prince never wants to cry for anything.
文学赏析：
本段借母亲对孩子的问话，侧面塑造快乐王子形象。
普通人眼中，快乐王子是无欲无求、永远安宁美好的象征。
旁人心中完美幸福的雕像，后文却会流泪悲悯众生，形成巨大反差。
侧面描写手法，让人物形象更加立体。
写作迁移点拨：
适用于侧面烘托人物形象、对话描写、人物对比类作文段落。
仿写：
“Why can’t you be like the old gardener?”
asked a patient teacher of her student who complained about difficulties.
“The old gardener never thinks of giving up for anything.”
仿写运用思路：
复刻对话倒装+who定语从句结构，
借对话侧面刻画人物，适合记叙文人物塑造。
原句：
One night there flew over the city a little Swallow.
His friends had gone away to Egypt six weeks before,
but he had stayed behind,
for he was in love with the most beautiful Reed.
句式解读：
there flew为there句型倒装，突出小燕子登场。
but连接并列转折分句，
for引导原因状语从句，解释燕子独自留下的缘由。
句子节奏舒缓，自然引出燕子这条故事支线。
句子主干：
A small swallow flew across the city one night.
His friends had travelled to Egypt six weeks earlier.
But he remained here because he loved the most beautiful Reed.
文学赏析：
这一段开启故事第二条线索，小燕子登场。
倒装句赋予灵动画面，转折和原因从句交代燕子滞留的缘由。
燕子原本一心沉浸在浪漫爱恋，
后续却陪伴王子救助底层苦难百姓。
前后心境的转变，构成文章一条重要成长线。
写作迁移点拨：
适用于故事人物出场、双线叙事、人物转变类文学类作文段落。
仿写：
One evening there drifted over the lake a little boat.
Its passengers had returned to the town hours before,
but it had stayed behind, for it was attached to the quiet lake shore.
仿写运用思路：
复刻there句型倒装、but转折分句、
for原因从句，叙事流畅，适合故事开篇人物/事物出场。
📝全篇句式特点
本文是王尔德童话经典选段。
大量使用地点状语倒装、there句型倒装、
定语从句、并列分句、直接引语。
语言优美细腻，句式灵活多变，
兼具童话的浪漫和文学美感。
行文逻辑层层递进：
开篇描绘高高矗立在城市上空，
满身珍宝的快乐王子雕像。
通过市民、母亲、孩童、路人的评价，
侧面烘托雕像华美幸福的形象。
视角切换，引入小燕子角色，
交代燕子滞留此地，爱上芦苇的故事。
两条故事主线汇合，
为后文王子拜托燕子帮助苦难百姓埋下伏笔。
文章开篇极力渲染雕像的华丽与世人眼中的幸福。
这份表面的幸福，和城市底层民众的贫苦苦难形成强烈对照。
适合表象与真实、善良与牺牲、美与苦难、人性温情等作文主题。
核心词汇
1. statue
/ˈstætʃuː/
雕像，塑像
名词 (n.)
2. gilded
/ˈɡɪldɪd/
镀金的，贴金箔的
形容词 (adj.)
3. sapphire
/ˈsæfaɪə(r)/
蓝宝石
名词 (n.)
4. ruby
/ˈruːbi/
红宝石
名词 (n.)
5. column
/ˈkɒləm/
石柱，立柱
名词 (n.)
6. cathedral
/kəˈθiːdrəl/
大教堂
名词 (n.)
7. swallow
/ˈswɒləʊ/
燕子
名词 (n.)
8. slender
/ˈslendə(r)/
纤细的，修长的
形容词 (adj.)
9. ripple
/ˈrɪpl/
涟漪，波纹
名词 (n.)
10. ridiculous
/rɪˈdɪkjələs/
荒唐的，可笑的
形容词 (adj.)
11. attachment
/əˈtætʃmənt/
爱恋，依恋
名词 (n.)
12. relation
/rɪˈleɪʃn/
亲属
名词 (n.)
💡主旨品读
《快乐王子》为王尔德经典童话。
其一：
文章开篇刻画外表华美，被全城人赞叹的快乐王子雕像。
其二：
世人眼中，王子是幸福的化身，没有烦恼，无欲无求。
随着故事推进，雕像看见整座城市底层百姓的饥寒与苦难。
他不再是无忧无虑的塑像，心生悲悯，
请求小燕子把身上宝石、金箔一一取下，送给穷苦之人。
小燕子原本一心追逐浪漫爱情，
后来被王子的善良打动，甘愿留下帮助王子。
最后王子散尽全身珍宝，变得残破，燕子在寒冬死去。
故事告诉我们：真正的幸福，从来不是华丽光鲜的外表。
牺牲与共情，心怀他人苦难，才是最高贵的美好。
这篇童话情感真挚，对比手法突出，适配善良牺牲、
表象与本质、悲悯之心、美与苦难类作文素材。
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