由 英语智库 了解更多介词用法解析31篇目录
一、基本含义
过去进行时表示过去某个时刻或某段时间内正在进行的动作，常用来描述过去某一时间点被打断的动作，
或是过去一段时间持续发生的行为。
二、基础构成结构
公式：was / were + 动词现在分词（doing）
was、were 匹配规则
1. 主语为单数（I/he/she/it/单个人名、单数物品），搭配was
I was reading English.
我当时正在读英语。
She was cleaning the classroom.
她那会儿正在打扫教室。
2. 主语为复数（you/we/they、复数名词），搭配were
We were playing basketball after school.
放学后我们正在打篮球。
They were talking about the new movie.
他们当时在讨论那部新电影。
动词变doing变形规则（和现在进行时一致）
1. 一般动词直接加-ing：work→working
2. 不发音e结尾去e加-ing：write→writing
3. 重读辅元辅结构双写尾字母加-ing：swim→swimming
4. ie结尾变y加-ing：lie→lying
三、四大标准句式
1. 肯定句陈述句
He was doing his homework at eight last night.
昨晚八点他正在写作业。
My parents were watching TV at that time.
那会儿我的父母正在看电视。
2. 否定陈述句（was/were后加not）
He was not doing his homework at eight last night.
昨晚八点他没有在写作业。
My parents were not watching TV at that time.
那会儿我的父母没在看电视。
3. 一般疑问句（was/were提前至句首）
Was he doing his homework at eight last night?
昨晚八点他正在写作业吗？
Yes, he was.
是的，他在写。
No, he wasn’t.
不，他没有。
Were your parents watching TV at that time?
那会儿你的父母正在看电视吗？
Yes, they were.
是的，他们在看。
No, they weren’t.
不，他们没有。
4. 特殊疑问句（特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问语序）
What was he doing at eight last night?
昨晚八点他正在做什么？
Where were they playing football yesterday afternoon?
昨天下午他们在哪里踢足球？
四、核心适用场景
1. 过去精确时间点正在进行的动作
标志性时间词：at 9:00 yesterday、at that time、then
At ten o’clock yesterday morning, we were having math class.
昨天上午十点，我们正在上数学课。
解析：ten o’clock是精准过去时点，强调该时刻动作正在发生。
2. 过去某长动作进行时，被短动作打断
长动作用过去进行时，突发短动作用一般过去时，常用连词when/while
I was walking home when I met my old friend.
我正走路回家的时候，偶遇了我的老朋友。
解析：走路是持续长动作，遇见朋友是中途突发的短暂动作。
3. 过去同一时间段，两个同步持续进行的动作，多用while连接
My sister was reading novels while I was practicing the piano.
我练钢琴的时候，我妹妹在看小说。
解析：两个动作在过去同一时段同时持续开展。
4. 过去反复发生、带有情绪色彩的动作，搭配always
He was always forgetting his textbooks last term.
上学期他总忘记带课本。
解析：暗含说话人无奈、吐槽的语气，区别于一般过去时客观陈述习惯。
五、高频易错点
❌ 错误句：He play basketball at seven yesterday.
译文：昨天七点他在打篮球。
错误解析：过去时刻正在进行的动作，缺少was/were+doing结构，误用一般过去时原形。
✅ 正确句：He was playing basketball at seven yesterday.
译文：昨天七点他正在打篮球。
❌ 错误句：They were write English letters last night.
译文：昨晚他们在写英文信。
错误解析：was/were后必须使用动词ing形式，不能用动词原形。
✅ 正确句：They were writing English letters last night.
译文：昨晚他们正在写英文信。
❌ 错误句：While I did my homework, my mom cooked.
译文：我写作业时妈妈在做饭。
错误解析：while引导同步持续长动作，前后都要用过去进行时。
✅ 正确句：While I was doing my homework, my mom was cooking.
译文：我写作业时妈妈正在做饭。
❌ 错误句：I was know the answer at that moment.
译文：那时我知道答案。
错误解析：know是静态认知动词，无进行时态，只用一般过去时。
✅ 正确句：I knew the answer at that moment.
译文：那时我知道答案。
六、配套简单拓展例句
The girls were walking from the boys’ camp to the girls’ camp at five yesterday afternoon.
昨天下午五点，女孩们正从男生营地走向女生营地。
解析：at five yesterday afternoon为过去精准时点，突出当时步行的动作正在持续。
知识要点总结：
1. 结构固定：单数主语搭配was doing，复数主语搭配were doing；
2. 核心用法：精准过去时点的持续动作、长动作被短动作打断、两段同步持续的过去行为、带情绪的重复过往行为；
3. 句式变换仅调整was/were：否定加not，疑问前置be动词，后方doing形式固定不变；
4. 静态动词（know、like、have表拥有等）不能用于过去进行时。
请点击返回首页16种时态用法目录