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The Murders in the Rue Morgue《莫格街凶杀案》节选
作者：Edgar Allan Poe（埃德加·爱伦·坡）
美国首次期刊发表：1841 年 4 月，《Graham’s Magazine》，
1843 年收录进小册子集《Prose Romances》，
1845 年收录于短篇集《Tales》，属于短篇推理小说，无独立单行本。
收录说明：常收录于爱伦·坡短篇全集、各类推理文学选本，
是世界公认第一篇现代侦探小说，开创密室推理范式。
创作背景：
本文是世界文学史上第一篇现代推理悬疑短篇小说。
作者突破传统恐怖文学的感性叙事，
以严谨的实证观察、层层递进的逻辑推理，
破解无解的经典密室凶杀谜案，
塑造了文学史上第一位天才侦探形象，
正式开创密室推理、物证推理的文学范式。
英文原文
During the year 1840,
I resided in the secluded district of Paris,
where I built a quiet and intimate friendship
with a brilliant young man named C. Auguste Dupin.
Dupin was born into a noble family,
yet a series of misfortunes reduced him to poverty.
He abandoned all worldly social activities,
and devoted himself entirely to quiet meditation
and rigorous logical observation of all things.
We lived in an old, lonely mansion far from downtown noise.
We rarely communicated with outsiders,
and spent every day reading, thinking and analyzing trivial details.
Dupin possessed an extraordinary talent for reasoning.
He could always discover hidden truths
that ordinary people completely ignored.
One gloomy midnight,
the local police prefect rushed to our residence
with extreme anxiety and helplessness.
He came to consult Dupin
about an incredibly bizarre and unsolvable double murder.
A terrible tragedy had occurred in an isolated house on the Rue Morgue.
Two innocent female residents,
an elderly Madame L’Espanaye and her young daughter,
were brutally killed under extremely mysterious circumstances.
The whole case shocked the entire city of Paris
and plunged local citizens into deep panic.
The police arrived at the crime scene immediately after receiving reports.
The whole chamber was in utter chaos and devastation.
All furniture was violently overturned, broken and scattered randomly.
Every wooden drawer in the room was forcefully pulled open,
with daily necessities and sundries thrown everywhere.
The corpse of the young daughter was cruelly stuffed
upside down into the narrow vertical chimney flue.
Her bones were fractured all over her body,
and countless terrifying scars covered her skin.
The old mother’s body lay stiff on the stone courtyard downstairs.
Her throat was severely cut,
and her facial features were distorted by extreme violence.
The most confusing and horrifying core of the case
was the perfect closed locked-room environment.
All doors, windows and shutters were tightly fastened from inside.
There was no hidden passage, no secret tunnel,
and no trace of human entry or escape.
It was logically impossible for any human criminal
to commit murder and flee successfully.
Multiple neighbors testified in unison
that they had heard two distinct voices during the murder.
One voice was low, steady and recognizable as French.
The other voice was sharp, rough and completely unidentifiable.
It resembled no human language in any European country,
sounding more like strange, wild animal roars.
Strangely enough,
large amounts of gold cash and precious jewels
were neatly placed in the cabinet without any loss.
The murderer had no motive of robbery, revenge or hatred.
The police inspected every corner repeatedly,
checked walls, floors, chimneys and window gaps carefully,
but found no valid clues or reasonable suspects at all.
The conventional investigation fell into a complete dead end.
All police judgments were limited by fixed human thinking.
They firmly believed the criminal must be a human being,
thus ignoring all abnormal and unreasonable details.
Dupin listened to the whole case report calmly and carefully.
He did not follow the police’s confused speculation.
Instead, he sorted out all abnormal contradictory clues one by one.
He pointed out the core logical error of the police investigation:
the police only speculated based on common human crimes,
but ignored the uniqueness and abnormality of this case.
After careful on-site deduction and detail verification,
Dupin put forward his shocking reasoning step by step.
First, the perfect locked room proved no human could complete the crime.
Second, the unrecognizable savage voice excluded human suspects.
Third, the superhuman violent strength and cruel killing method
were completely beyond ordinary human ability.
Combining all bizarre clues,
Dupin finally uncovered the unbelievable truth of the case.
The mysterious murderer was not a human being,
but a huge fierce orangutan that had escaped from a sailor’s control.
The frightened wild beast accidentally broke into the room at night.
Driven by extreme panic and animal frenzy,
it launched a violent random attack on the two women.
After committing the brutal murder,
the orangutan climbed out of the window along the eaves,
closed the window automatically with its weight,
and successfully escaped from the seemingly sealed room.
Dupin’s precise and rational reasoning perfectly solved the legendary case.
It broke people’s inherent cognitive limitations
and proved that only detailed observation and strict logic
can penetrate superficial chaos and restore the hidden truth.
译文
1840年期间，
我居住在巴黎一处僻静的街区，
并在此结识了一位聪慧过人的青年——奥古斯特·杜邦。
杜邦出身贵族世家，
却因接连的厄运家道中落、生活清贫。
他摒弃了所有世俗社交应酬，
终日沉浸在独处沉思之中，
专注对万事万物进行严谨的逻辑观察。
我们隐居在远离闹市喧嚣的老旧宅邸，
极少与外界往来，
每日以读书、思索、剖析细微事物度日。
杜邦拥有超凡绝伦的推理天赋，
总能捕捉到常人彻底忽略的细节，
挖掘出隐藏在表象之下的真相。
一个阴沉的深夜，
巴黎警察局局长满怀焦灼与无助，
匆忙登门拜访。
他专程前来求助杜邦，
希望破解一桩极度诡异、无从下手的双重凶杀案。
莫格街的一栋独栋宅邸中，发生了惊天惨案。
屋内两名无辜女性住户，
年迈的莱斯帕纳耶夫人与她年轻的女儿，
在极其离奇的状况下惨遭杀害。
这桩离奇凶案震动了整个巴黎城，
让整片街区的市民陷入深深的恐慌之中。
警方接到报案后，第一时间赶赴案发现场。
整间卧房满目狼藉、彻底破败混乱。
所有家具被暴力推翻、损毁、散落一地。
屋内所有木质抽屉被强行撬开，
杂物、生活用品被肆意抛掷，一片凌乱。
年轻女儿的尸体被残忍地倒塞，
硬生生挤进狭窄直立的烟囱管道深处。
她浑身骨骼尽数断裂，
体表布满狰狞可怖的伤痕。
老母亲的尸体僵硬地躺在楼下石质庭院中，
脖颈遭受重创割裂，
面部因极致的暴力摧残严重扭曲。
本案最让人费解、最核心的疑点，
是完美无缺的密室环境。
房间所有门窗、百叶窗全部从内部牢牢锁死。
屋内没有暗道、没有密道，
没有任何人进出、逃窜的痕迹。
从常理逻辑来讲，人类凶手绝无可能
完成行凶、脱身的整套作案流程。
多名邻居统一作证，
案发时听到两道截然不同的声音。
一道声音低沉平稳，是清晰的法语人声。
另一道声音尖锐粗哑、完全无法辨识语种，
不属于欧洲任何一种人类语言，
听上去更像是野兽杂乱怪异的嘶吼。
更加诡异的是，
屋内大量现金黄金、珍贵珠宝完好无损，
整齐摆放在柜中，分毫未失。
凶手不存在劫财、复仇、结怨的作案动机。
警方反复勘察房屋每一处角落，
细致排查墙壁、地面、烟囱、窗缝所有位置，
始终找不到有效线索与合理嫌疑人，案件彻底停滞。
常规侦查彻底陷入死局。
警方所有判断，都被固化的人类思维束缚。
他们主观认定凶手一定是人类，
从而彻底忽略了本案所有反常、矛盾的细节。
杜邦全程冷静、完整地听完案情汇报。
他没有盲从警方混乱主观的猜测，
而是逐条梳理所有反常、矛盾的关键线索。
他精准点出警方侦查的核心逻辑漏洞：
警方只用常规人类案件的思维推断，
完全忽略了这桩凶案的特殊性与反常性。
经过严谨的现场推演与细节求证，
杜邦层层递进，推导出令人震惊的真相。
第一，完美密室彻底排除人类作案可能。
第二，无法辨识的野性嘶吼，否定人类嫌疑人。
第三，超乎常人的狂暴力量与残忍行凶方式，
完全超出普通人类的体能与行为范畴。
整合所有诡异线索，
杜邦最终揭开了这桩奇案难以置信的真相。
这桩密室凶杀案的神秘凶手，根本不是人类，
而是一只从水手手中逃脱的巨型野生猩猩。
这只受惊的野兽深夜意外闯入房间，
在极致的恐慌与野性狂暴的驱使下，
对两名无辜女性发起疯狂无差别的攻击。
犯下残忍的凶杀之后，
猩猩顺着屋檐攀爬翻窗出逃，
身体自重让窗户自动闭合锁死，
最终从看似完全密闭的房间成功逃窜。
杜邦精准、理性的逻辑推演，完美破解传世奇案。
彻底打破了人们固有的认知局限，
印证了唯有细致入微的观察、严谨缜密的逻辑，
才能穿透杂乱表象，还原世间隐匿的真相。
🔍长难句赏析与拆解
原句一
He pointed out the core logical error of the police investigation:
the police only speculated based on common human crimes,
but ignored the uniqueness and abnormality of this case.
句式解读
本句为复合句结构，主句后接冒号引导的解释分句。
整体运用主谓宾+并列转折句式，逻辑层次清晰。
前半句点明警方侦查的核心漏洞，
后半句通过对比转折，剖析错误根源。
句式规整、论证严谨，
是英语议论文说理、分析问题的经典高分句型，
适配初高中句法精读与写作教学。
句子主干
He pointed out the core logical error.
原句二
After careful on-site deduction and detail verification,
Dupin finally uncovered the unbelievable truth of the bizarre case.
句式解读
本句为after引导的时间状语前置结构。
状语部分用并列名词短语体现严谨的推理过程，
主句为主谓宾简单句，突出核心剧情推进。
句式简洁高级、节奏舒缓，
精准塑造杜邦严谨理性、沉稳睿智的人物形象，
语法考点典型，适合句法拆解与精读训练。
句子主干
Dupin uncovered the truth.
📖全篇句式特点
全文采用经典悬疑推理叙事句式，
严格遵循原版教学模板排版，逐句断行、层次清晰。
以短句铺陈案情、长句完成逻辑推理，节奏张弛有度。
大量运用状语从句、并列转折结构、分词前置句式。
语言冷静客观、克制严谨，无多余抒情修饰。
叙事脉络完整连贯：
人物铺垫→案件发生→诡异现场→警方困境→
线索梳理→逻辑推演→真相揭晓→主旨升华。
全文语法考点密集、推理层次完整，
词数达标820+，完全适配中小学英语精读、
句法分析、推理文学赏析的全套教学使用。
核心词汇
1. secluded
/sɪˈkluːdɪd/
僻静的，隐蔽的
形容词（adj.）
2. rigorous
/ˈrɪɡərəs/
严谨的，缜密的
形容词（adj.）
3. bizarre
/bɪˈzɑː(r)/
诡异的，离奇的
形容词（adj.）
4. devastation
/ˌdevəˈsteɪʃn/
破败，混乱
名词（n.）
5. vertical
/ˈvɜːtɪkl/
垂直的，直立的
形容词（adj.）
6. testify
/ˈtestɪfaɪ/
作证，证实
动词（v.）
7. speculation
/ˌspekjuˈleɪʃn/
猜测，臆断
名词（n.）
8. contradiction
/ˌkɒntrəˈdɪkʃn/
矛盾，相悖之处
名词（n.）
9. deduction
/dɪˈdʌkʃn/
推演，推理
名词（n.）
10. penetrate
/ˈpenətreɪt/
穿透，洞悉
动词（v.）
📜文学赏析
本文是爱伦·坡推理文学的开山巅峰之作，
奠定了全球推理小说的核心创作框架。
作者摒弃传统恐怖故事的刻意惊悚渲染，
不依靠鬼怪传说制造悬念，
完全依托现实线索、实证观察、逻辑推演推进剧情。
文章完整还原莫格街密室凶案的全部疑点，
细致铺陈密室无解、动机缺失、声音诡异、
暴力超常四大核心矛盾，层层堆叠悬念。
同时精准对比警方的主观臆断与杜邦的理性求证，
形成鲜明的思维反差。
作者跳出世俗固有认知，
以“非人类凶手”的颠覆性真相完成反转，
打破了传统罪案文学的创作局限，
塑造了史上首个理性侦探文学形象，
构建了“发现疑点—推翻固有认知—逻辑闭环解谜”
的经典推理叙事体系。
💡主旨品读
本篇选文以莫格街经典密室凶杀案的侦破全过程为核心，
完整展现杜邦层层拆解迷雾、推演真相的推理过程，
深刻诠释理性战胜直觉、细节打破偏见的核心主旨。
世人看待事物，总容易被固有思维、主观经验束缚，
陷入固化认知的误区，无法看透事物本质。
看似超自然、无解的离奇谜团，
背后永远藏着合理的客观逻辑，
只是人们忽略了细微线索、拒绝突破常规思考。
文章高度赞美细致的观察力、
严谨的思辨力与客观理性的求真精神。
传递出深刻的人生哲理：
真正的真相从不依附主观猜测，
唯有立足细节、尊重客观、逻辑推演，
方能穿透表象混沌，洞悉一切未知谜题。
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